- 清代以来黄河中游气候变化及其社会响应
- 张健
- 597字
- 2025-02-15 02:52:04
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图1-8 1644—2009年黄河中游旱涝序列滑动t-检验统计量曲线
(红细实线为t分布95%自由度临界值线;黑细虚线为旱涝序列变化曲线;蓝实粗线为t-检验统计量曲线;×为突变点)
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图2-11 1765—2009年黄河中游5—10月面降雨量滑动t-检验统计量曲线
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图2-12 黄河中游面降雨量序列与其他代用指标反映降雨变化比对
(图中A—F曲线:A为重建的1765—2010年黄河中游面降雨量序列;B为黄河中下游地区过去300年降水变化曲线(渭河区)[1];C为甘肃陇南武都万象洞石笋δ18O记录值变化序列[2];D为秦岭南麓汉中大鱼洞石笋δ18O记录值变化序列[3];E为东亚季风强度指数(Ism)序列[4];F为Unified ENSO Proxy(UEP)序列[5]。其中细黑曲线为各序列,粗蓝曲线为10年滑动平均)
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图4-5 1819年黄河中游春、夏、秋季及全年降水空间分异
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图5-1 1751—1911年黄河中游旱涝序列与中下游决溢程度指数对比
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图7-2 民国时期黄河中游各代表站点年、月均温对比
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图7-3 民国时期黄河中游月、年均温的空间分异
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图7-4 1929年2-4月黄河中游气温空间分异
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图7-6 1929年12月黄河中游气温空间分异
[1] 郑景云、郝志新、葛全胜:《黄河中下游地区过去300年降水变化》,《中国科学》D辑2005年第8期,第765—774页。
[2] Zhang,P.Z.,et al.. A Test of Climate,Sun,and Culture Relationships from an 1810-Year Chinese Cave Record. Science,322(2008):940-942.
[3] L.C.Tan et al.. Summer Monsoon Precipitation Variations in Central China over the Past 750 Years Derived from a High-resolution Absolute-dated Stalagmite. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,280(2009):432-439.
[4] 郭其蕴等:《1873—2000年东亚夏季风变化的研究》,《大气科学》2004年第2期,第206—215页。
[5] McGregor S.,A. Timmermann,O.Timm. A Unified Proxy for ENSO and PDO Variability since 1650. Climate of the Past,2010,6:1-17.