- 机械设计手册:单行本·常用设计资料(第六版)
- 成大先主编
- 498字
- 2024-12-21 15:32:26
1.3 焊接材料及其选择
不同焊接方法采用的焊接材料及其作用
表1-4-8 不同焊接方法采用的焊接材料
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00293001.jpg?sign=1739671600-mLm9kDC48pSNjhTStRU8aIBHr6LMJ9MU-0-70836196e26dfd131d9a4bcf7b3f484e)
表1-4-9 焊接材料在焊接过程中的作用
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00293002.jpg?sign=1739671600-3h9b5VEBrXgWzNH65959U114hQEGFwbY-0-5d6d56556d2361cfbfffc7b14f684d34)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00294001.jpg?sign=1739671600-AUp929Q6jvlDeQ206fQys9Lf5PAT4YIy-0-2c429b61294091d61bf7bcdf1fb229d6)
注:A—主要作用;B—附带作用。
表1-4-10 焊接用钢盘条(焊芯用)牌号及其化学成分(摘自GB/T 3429—2002)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00295001.jpg?sign=1739671600-JcAkn9KZwH1gEFVmm8OFFYCPkU1Tooc8-0-2752e1318c00952ad33af547a614393d)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00296001.jpg?sign=1739671600-n8FZIhINI5isYauiRqYwVxgRAApsrOWL-0-c7db87fc2684def1cc3feaa113cea488)
①牌号中作为残余元素的Ni、Cr、Mo、V总量应不大于0.50%。
注:本标准适用于手工电弧焊、埋弧焊、电渣焊、气焊和气体保护焊等用途的焊接用钢盘条。不适用不锈钢盘条。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00297001.jpg?sign=1739671600-HEH3cc1fn8Zk39aS9gXipxL4fdfI86tK-0-46c32be0a80101a51b9f5924a2a53e87)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00298001.jpg?sign=1739671600-8EbfLjz9uYvrCYk63Cu72ifjGiIe716W-0-87b5b7c6ec7973862c16655a44c7d036)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00299001.jpg?sign=1739671600-EXe98Ja9BrfjIF827v7N1VqexnjqUWB7-0-d531b11f0e97a721ad0c798a4b419d3e)
焊条、焊丝及焊剂的分类、特点和应用
表1-4-12 焊条的分类、特点和应用
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00300001.jpg?sign=1739671600-hXyucpOa7DuoDtz4DCRyt918zNcTyRj1-0-222b66b13786a5cdae4aeb31d78c1f67)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00301001.jpg?sign=1739671600-U0mX03JfBTtY2iQapts9YunWcyw34LBe-0-fc8d88e84fe79bb19f0b0180154ba730)
表1-4-13 焊丝的分类、特点和应用
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00301002.jpg?sign=1739671600-6DmGLUmfCQQHZSYKLA1PB0fcgbQvc02E-0-04bad4c5dda6348bd043df0ea8dfda9f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00302001.jpg?sign=1739671600-4l7CbFJZIJ9Kk363Ju5lOknnjsytHHE4-0-54c112137bddd0bcc8de0d4fcfb14e94)
表1-4-14 焊剂的分类、特点和应用
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00303001.jpg?sign=1739671600-D1I9FxotUNIXg397lHK0n7BEqAOE9Wfj-0-06199dae6bbe7773dde57c8c9bd9cf03)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00304001.jpg?sign=1739671600-zR0ehjVilBcFv7ybxOe4HmCK109KRAEA-0-bc393a23d2c6232a2b2770d35df13014)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00305001.jpg?sign=1739671600-xDGVrSfkMU0kP0FDQVuRDkYWSowiIyNV-0-d27c81affb97df98cbbacd523c76e4b0)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00306001.jpg?sign=1739671600-E5aqZHW78QUPx6zdu73tIHN1iY3X0IjE-0-0435962515e441bb26b2cc1b18a6db43)
对焊条、焊丝及焊剂工艺性能的要求
表1-4-15 对焊条工艺性能的要求
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00307001.jpg?sign=1739671600-YBVLsXowZPOyfityuJBA1oaCLp2ZWPoL-0-127eeee0ac961851e1df71ae9c6d73bb)
表1-4-16 对焊剂工艺性能及质量的要求
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00308001.jpg?sign=1739671600-AFq3vJJhNIivYzI2vSvTdD0GKLXDMnfU-0-82775f931b51f6e62c398747dae47b9b)
不同药皮类型焊条工艺性等比较
表1-4-17 酸性焊条与碱性焊条性能对比
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00309001.jpg?sign=1739671600-aANYxhb2hEXljBG7rH1crT0gt81EEQaZ-0-d13a59b441f35261f16a130009552c51)
表1-4-18 各种药皮类型的结构钢焊条工艺性能
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00309002.jpg?sign=1739671600-EiO1DruBKaSKqouuvZ7m1zZvpncjubE1-0-569dd9545f2616e50677e31144f2ddaf)
表1-4-19 各种药皮类型结构钢焊条的冶金性能
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00310001.jpg?sign=1739671600-FHF3tlHFVx6sFVIRGddkbLQE6RuXVW7Z-0-83899e153661e208a903e5f2c517a606)
选择焊条的基本原则
表1-4-20 同类钢材焊接时选择焊条原则
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00311001.jpg?sign=1739671600-316LF14DXhwg0j7KwKhPp4abCjEC5Nvv-0-e661e2b9906b187c3bfdb96cf6fdbb22)
表1-4-21 异种钢、复合钢板焊接时选择焊条原则
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00311002.jpg?sign=1739671600-NkF4JxB9Fo9OXdw7Zww8gJoiQTtIwbdD-0-2a57edbbc0611020d7c38781dcfc4260)
表1-4-22 焊丝选用要点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00312001.jpg?sign=1739671600-v1k2QmXLFbpE82bOju41Pz3fvdSt8Nro-0-9db045256fba3508c6bfa05447b3d2ab)
几种常用钢材的焊条选择举例
表1-4-23
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00312002.jpg?sign=1739671600-ovnoJZVF9gFmMX1eBshY99G8FuenpRiT-0-7ec9cbbac290aec8685b45a0a3c4d0e0)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00313001.jpg?sign=1739671600-aEwkeIVbKf7FxcIEGhXWSWjmm94P43P7-0-fa26533a5750d74d4806193f54a313d4)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00314001.jpg?sign=1739671600-nPIYowQAeE1cXwWxxPT5qsHwf8YePjiW-0-d4d8054614e714d41091b1a1920258a4)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00315001.jpg?sign=1739671600-z2QId9IuV7FYrJyENLO986YfwKNgRBZC-0-74b9e139690804e674621601d063a904)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00316001.jpg?sign=1739671600-WROLWaHI735ImPu6baoEPSNOyGw8xtTz-0-f35ef0ce23e0ba9bb1814660729e42f8)
几种常用钢材埋弧焊焊剂与焊丝的选配举例
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00317001.jpg?sign=1739671600-wteaPcM7zaFcPOpq6B4KQDHyaWArscPE-0-2c638e00adf5f1c828a688bbf5d8f206)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00318001.jpg?sign=1739671600-cyO8Nn7ghNLTdcAe6FBNCCjdR4yZX2HF-0-c43aea843dccd521eba27b2e1b5ee10f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00319001.jpg?sign=1739671600-WxQWWOl9L6Ti8suLN11H7jNWn5PlDAiX-0-feeb9107cbfd7de1a3d5c026be276e81)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00320001.jpg?sign=1739671600-ffvgAgSXavFWGdyHLH1y56RBOKnoMUBX-0-02f5e7050fa506240867a13023c49b94)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00321001.jpg?sign=1739671600-Q1gspenLM7EYcAOAjApe2xQUcurLJZSo-0-30b0794f3962be59119cb96ff022f941)
焊条的型号和牌号示例
表1-4-25 国标焊条类型及型号(一)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00322001.jpg?sign=1739671600-jPo0ID9MUFnLmnhcs71w1uW95JmjRQzZ-0-8e10917964bba591293edfa40d8e81db)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00323001.jpg?sign=1739671600-r6euNLeqpFFtxltP1vucGup9FtDAJ8hY-0-406d5f0b0ef5a28efd2bf7e3bef81b63)
表1-4-26 国标焊条类型及型号(二)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00324001.jpg?sign=1739671600-wMhJ3ed0Z8JKWkLHUpj1EdeK8D5S75Kg-0-6dfd2dad15a1b7a4017480fc5502ce1d)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00325001.jpg?sign=1739671600-pTUrTM7ARneLH8ImPPED5ZJD6XmJf5Pf-0-fe2b7af5bd521f9c1123e51349e1bf37)
表1-4-27 焊丝类别及型号意义
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00325002.jpg?sign=1739671600-DnVfJgStB1yYylf1vmeJBd0B9ahrzf4e-0-8cc1505127fbff0bff31d0409c75f57d)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00326001.jpg?sign=1739671600-9f6SCqWi3faNKwyEsyIqpmnk3BUdFGlp-0-2c82339df3e645bef3e1f464e3d8200a)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00327001.jpg?sign=1739671600-Z2yFhyrXQLaFBYiqEeH5SBjz7WE0HDuh-0-310691090f40b7cd2334dccadca7ce70)
焊条、焊丝和焊剂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00328001.jpg?sign=1739671600-4gvf89iG48jyyM2BUCG35rDvyBEGi38X-0-686a42854ca3bacf3b6da252bb5d382f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00329001.jpg?sign=1739671600-R11UCirEamsdIvLjcHME4m46KJBVqwQi-0-b6f21f0ac16c4974628e2c656326c4e7)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00330001.jpg?sign=1739671600-Jrvc6x1o3vuOu5D525CRR2EX68SY1xz9-0-bffe321c38968aa3e300da7a53984dc5)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00331001.jpg?sign=1739671600-hId08u76jifGKkBTIIB5Q19VEzptufU1-0-b68ce747b9ee5ebb5861f26bbcca22d2)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00332001.jpg?sign=1739671600-hkkdFswxgU7ad96UkBUWGzbhQJq3UUPu-0-d28831bcbb1aa046fe89dbb2044fb2db)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00333001.jpg?sign=1739671600-uGZkVzKMXUhrw66E6bsgRzIFJ7dhbBeC-0-01f9c23b96b518f1f13a7a302a54f90e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00334001.jpg?sign=1739671600-uordZE58WLlccbqpvEo0I2yDr5tTVZRl-0-3fe7d25bbb1bfc62012cb1829b1ccc8a)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00335001.jpg?sign=1739671600-B4ozmD2vgImP9s5wDPvYDjbEds2qtf9b-0-82a8f9fa34740270561e2e633969cc7f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00336001.jpg?sign=1739671600-lcaQOakJaItgDUsXZigyF4xfW57yDbwl-0-e030e8a06d1b534984b716d0ccef303b)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00337001.jpg?sign=1739671600-SQxV8eoGMGjeNpBfin72iYI6WTaeMZ5q-0-54692feb9a7f8990d5ad026d177ec515)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00338001.jpg?sign=1739671600-mqnBqceFZK2D1tZ31BjwRTgDIeRysSxR-0-904e24f413c372627ac1695455945a36)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00339001.jpg?sign=1739671600-Ya05gePjGVT6A3sCXZAglrIy7CrV3nWn-0-7c1aa4ad02b909b90f9c358630c777e9)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00340001.jpg?sign=1739671600-8H6rORSVnu7gRmvQw8I8PuvneE8i4Ri6-0-d9d3179e926fd72edc696ed2231144b4)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00341001.jpg?sign=1739671600-CIabaaYQQk4o5mEbsTxFejTrliuR46o4-0-0517adbfd4844abf37c6175d4189843a)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00342001.jpg?sign=1739671600-j91xhQKGyW6xN5bP9OUcmBEG8FDkeJAT-0-108ab27509e23cca7a58b04732b16165)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00343001.jpg?sign=1739671600-abTIDgPdrsIdtaAJWYVb8umFPMwXledp-0-a0159cd2fe23d8f18b656c4476c86145)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00344001.jpg?sign=1739671600-XhPEEb8KjcUeJQO3SlqEqxRizUctNhbW-0-c973164b9190e1c700e70d80c5f90394)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00345001.jpg?sign=1739671600-R0pevZUA5e6KfCTn4N31teZVIC9kJ8EI-0-5d0a62317f2e6451dd551dbf01fe72d0)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00346001.jpg?sign=1739671600-uLnVRPtAlAupO5o9acaqR3rj7IcsA1p3-0-6ff965d7cfcff0c4d317de15ba18fe39)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00347001.jpg?sign=1739671600-lxy3hfOCwNV1CO7KS1qMsZlVrvsBhshA-0-c7f7cbbbfe8d9070a21cd1dc07dd3478)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00348001.jpg?sign=1739671600-RsXsmbW9IwCmh3Y5wmfIAgEvH9uic7cu-0-80f4f829250a2403c6f8710d8a088c4e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00349001.jpg?sign=1739671600-fyJpxTqnBhHVb32ybVrKEXyGNbdLnwv3-0-802cda70a9b5d4f93c90314a549606b3)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00350001.jpg?sign=1739671600-zV4szv93gSfNc7Bsr5flpMt0ZShl2zwG-0-380afb4fcad5e95e26adde0e9a853fa6)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00351001.jpg?sign=1739671600-T6XDm99k7gOqjpJyqsTijMIlzOx1Xqba-0-74d1b4ed76fb93a0c7f3e51167cc5c13)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00352001.jpg?sign=1739671600-F3DvXjEWkaqEcnQZKBQ4S3pj9gLG2Qow-0-f5a26beb300589bf70fc53c4303009b4)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00353001.jpg?sign=1739671600-7Wbptme3NzAKQ3uml1iNGi8Rqw68e5Qr-0-d3151371e02fa9984e0ad626e8a57be2)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00354001.jpg?sign=1739671600-JDYMrOq2lAb9Uz6ses13cM5jdxcUhG4y-0-28c9ea3f7850bc6c74a94ea92ac29004)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00355001.jpg?sign=1739671600-4r8f0TSi5YjUmHjdnzWnEzFWoGNSoeAc-0-b2dbc6fb070d12f346580bc44119cdee)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00356001.jpg?sign=1739671600-QR0fa7f4Gw0UjnUNlNuQW5aX1qrypYR8-0-261b1e700970b1fda8ee48d38b00e2cb)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00357001.jpg?sign=1739671600-QWTgffKnilS8jFj3FIZyxtkG3mAz5kNg-0-504fc82dd4800953ce625746ffa292eb)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00358001.jpg?sign=1739671600-wvDbPNm0ZWmHaqIYyhCHXA2SmvLDnlip-0-c9b507e6612ba255c6487f2a3cc61486)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00359001.jpg?sign=1739671600-katULke2hqJ14s9Mhl2pZW5cMFDHEcje-0-aaf68e0c3803bcd02c857a090f27c561)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00360001.jpg?sign=1739671600-ITF0vmQmRSc1F15dj3v6f69rSpBIYy9d-0-76b56cf37f6fb29483b54275251bb1e5)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00361001.jpg?sign=1739671600-hmvLuXITHNmMWVQSi20O11eP3Zl4YC2J-0-8b01882f451f4092278551291dab6ce9)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00362001.jpg?sign=1739671600-nWHwkI8vFPTZpRkbN6aCB46CNQCn4JXf-0-68225b41fb3f230ae701d4cb0da73796)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00363001.jpg?sign=1739671600-zliHQwK9TUC7mZgchSAa2mrX5RUevo7u-0-1bfd81ecbfc38c20ace85aa77327faec)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00364001.jpg?sign=1739671600-4k69SLXX4SSnhd0t27oufyPq6PrC1kTG-0-b6a8e2a4a9df50f35c6046969a89f1ea)
表1-4-31 焊剂的类型及用途(参考)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00365001.jpg?sign=1739671600-5q86bD8a7ERve2OcfjgjjHrIVxURO9bY-0-c659220fb4279704115932223c026593)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00366001.jpg?sign=1739671600-K40UKSRQ97TxKqGjAGcB25Vpn2P4tmox-0-6cbf816eaf76809d64d3757e775a0b47)